Eddembe lyabakyala okwesalilawo n’okusumulula ekisaawe ky’eddembe ly’okuzaala

Eddembe lyabakyala okwesalilawo – nga bwe yayiiya pulofeesa w’amateeka Omumerika Kimberlé Crenshaw mu 1989 (Eddembe lyabakyala okwesalilawo: Kiki kyekyitegeza ne lwaki kyamakulu kati, 2020) – ezaalibwa okuva mu bwetaavu bw’okutunuulira emirandira gy’obutafaanagana, eby’enjawulo ebituuse ku kusosola, n’engeri gye bikwataganamu.

Ekimu ku bisinga okukoma mu nkola yaffe ku bizibu by’embeera z’abantu kwe kulaba obutali bwenkanya ng’obw’oludda olumu era nga tebukwatagana. Ekyo kireka ebibinja bingi ebinyigirizibwa mu mabbali g’okwekenneenya, okwewozaako, n’okukola amateeka agayinza okubaawo.

Bw’atyo bwe kiri ku kusumululwa kw’ekitundu ky’eddembe ly’okuzaala, ng’okuvumwavumwa kukolera ku bibinja ebimu ku birala okusinziira ku mutindo gw’empisa ogw’obusosoze. Okusosola kuno kuwagira obusosoze obuliwo ku ani era ddi lw’agwanidde eddembe ly’okuzaala ery’okuggyamu embuto.

Mu kiwandiiko kino, twanjula eddembe lyabakyala okwesalilawo n’enkosa yaayo ku kusumulula eddembe ly’okuzaala.

Eddembe lyabakyala okwesalilawo kye ki, era egamba ki?

Ekirowoozo ky’obutenkanankana bwonna okutondebwa mu ngeri y’emu – n’okukutulwa ku ndala – kireeta ekizibu okutegeera enkola ezinyigiriza. Kino tekibaawo mu nsonga z’okuzaala zokka; enkola y’amawanga, ekikula ky’abantu, ekika, n’okusosola mu bwavu bisobola okukwatagana ne bivaamu ebibinja ebirala ebiri mu katyabaga k’okusaanawo.

Nga tugerageranya ku kulwanirira kwonna okw’obwenkanya, eddembe lyabakyala okwesalilawo yeeyoleka ng’ekintu ekikulu ennyo okutegeera ebibinja bino. Mu bigambo bya Crenshaw, it’s “endabilwamu ey’okulaba engeri engeri ez’enjawulo ez’obutenkanankana gye zitera okukolera awamu ne zisajjulagana” (Plett, 2011)

Mu ngeri eno, ekigendererwa kye eddembe lyabakyala okwesalilawo kwe kusalaganya ensonga eziyinza okutegeeza okwongera okusosola mu lutalo olutongole n’okuwa eddoboozi eri ebibinja ng’ebyo.

Enkosa y’embeera ez’enjawulo abakyala mwe beesanga nga beetaaga obujjanjabi bw’okuggyamu embuto eyinza okwawukana ennyo mu kunyigirizibwa kwe babeera.

Bangi batera okutegeera eddembe ly’okuzaala ng’embeera eyesigamiziddwa ku kikula ky’omuntu yokka. Awo we wava endowooza y’okutabaganya okugoba obuziba obw’amazima obw’ekizibu. Ekibiina ky’obwenkanya mu kuzaala kinoonya okulaga okunyigirizibwa mu kuzaala ng’ekivaamu era eky’okulwanyisa eky’ebigambo ebirala ebinyigiriza.

Okulaba: Okutegeera ekizibu ky’eddembe ly’okuzaala okuva mu ndowooza y’okusalako

Ensonga ezisooka eza okwegatta zateekebwawo nga ekigambo kino tekinnayiiya. Nga okukuza abakyala abaddugavu mu maaso g’ekibiina ekigatta abakyala bonna.

Omulanga gw’abakyala bano gwali gwa kuddamu kutunula mu ndowooza y’okunyigirizibwa mu kikula ky’abantu ng’okusosolwa okusinga obubi era kwokka abakyala kwe bafuna. Era teebereza ensisinkano ez’enjawulo abakyala abazungu n’abaddugavu ze balina n’okusosola mu bika.

Ekirowoozo kibadde kya kuyingiza munda nti, wadde nga tubonaabona n’ebika by’okusosolwa ebiwerako, era tuyinza okunyumirwa enkizo eziyinza okuvaako okunyigiriza abalala. Ne bwe kiba nga toyagala.

Bwe kituuka ku kusumulula ekitundu ky’eddembe ly’okuzaala, enkola y’okusalako yeesigamye ku kulaba ensonga eno si ng’ekizibu ky’emirandira wabula ng’ekivuddemu n’ekintu ekikozesebwa. Y’enkola ey’okufuga n’okulemesa emikisa gy’abakyala n’eddoboozi lyabwe mu kulonda ku mibiri gyabwe (okutuukagana n’ebyo by’omunyigiriza).

Okufuga eddembe ly’okuzaala kwandikozesebwa ba agenti abanyigiriza okufuga abakyala n’okutumbula okufuga okutegekeddwa okw’endowooza z’abazaala. Era n’okusingawo, okuggyibwako eddembe ly’okuzaala nakyo kinyweza embeera endala ez’oku mabbali ng’obwavu n’obutaba na buyigirize.

Ekyokulabirako eky’enjawulo eky’engeri ebika ebirala eby’okunyigirizibwa gye bikwataganamu mu kizibu ky’eddembe ly’okuzaala kwe kusosola mu mawanga n’amawanga. Okunyigiriza obululu obugendereddwamu okuggyako abantu abadugavu eddembe mu Amerika kiremesa abakyala abaddugavu okusalawo ku ddembe lyabwe ery’okuzaala.

Ekivaamu kwe kuteekawo obusosoze mu bibiina ku bantu abelangi ezenjawulo n’ebikosa ebibi ebyatwalibwa mu byafaayo (nga mw’otwalidde si butali bwenkanya mu bantu bwokka wabula n’ensonga z’ebyobulamu n’obuzaale).

Enzimba y’enkola y’ensengeka y’embeera z’abantu mu Amerika ereeta enzirukanya y’okunyigirizibwa. Era eddembe lyabakyala okwesalilawo kireeta eky’okulondako eky’okukola ku ddembe ly’okuzaala ng’omulyango oguyingira mu kweyongera mu nsonga.

Lwaki enkola y’abakyala eyo kwesalelawo nkola nkulu nnyo mu nsonga z’eddembe ly’okuzaala?

Okutegeera ebizibu by’eddembe ly’okuzaala okuva mu nkole youkusalawo kyasobozesa ekibiina kino okusalawo n’okwekenneenya obuziba obw’amazima obw’ensonga y’ebyobulamu n’okuzaala.

Mu nkola eno yokka mwe kyasoboka okuyingiza ebibinja eby’enjawulo ebibonaabona n’okusosolwa mu kuzaala ate nga bigumira ebika ebirala eby’okunyigirizibwa. Ekisinga obukulu, endowooza eyatondebwa okuyita mu ndowooza eno yazaala ekigambo eky’omulembe guno: Obwenkanya mu kuzaala.

Okusinziira ku baagikola, abakyala abaddugavu kkumi na babiri okuva mu Combahee River Collective (1994), ekigendererwa kyayo kwe kukkiriza ensonga ey’awamu mu by’ayitamu abakyala. Nga kwotadde n’okuleeta entandikwa y’okwongera okugenda mu maaso mu byobufuzi nga okunyigirizibwa kw’abakyala kugenda kuggwaako.

Ekigambo kino, ekikyali mu kwekenneenya n’okuzimba enkola y’enzikiriziganya, kinoonya okuwa eddoboozi eri ebika ebyenjawulo ez’ebibinja ebinyigirizibwa mu nsonga zeddembe ly’okuzaala.

Ensonga enkulu wano eri nti wabaddewo ebituukiddwaako ddala, nga “Okuzimba ebibanda wakati w’abalwanirizi b’eddembe n’ettendekero okusitula enkumi n’enkumi z’ebiwandiiko by’abayivu, okutondawo abakyala abapya ab’ebibiina by’embala, n’okuleetera okuddamu okutegeka emisingi gy’abazirakisa.” (Taylor & Francis, 2018)

Okuva awo, tusobola okulaba nti abakyala okwesalilawo -munda mu mitendela y’okusumulula eddembe ly’okuzaala, ezzeemu okukuba ennyo mu ndowooza y’abantu.

Abalwanirizi b’eddembe n’abakyala aba bulijjo tebakoma ku kutegeera bulungi ekifo kyabwe eky’enkizo n’okunyigirizibwa. Obuzito bw’okwekenneenya kati businga kusimba emirandira mu bitundu by’ensengekera eby’okusosola.

Mu ngeri eyo, buli kibinja kati kisobola okuba n’olulwana olubakiikirira mu butuufu era ne beewala okunyigirizibwa nga tebatawanyiza bibinja ebirala.

Nga ebbidde lino ery’okuna ery’abakyala likyanaatera okutuukirira, waliwo ekigendererwa ekisingako obujjuvu ekikyeraliikirira ddala okussaamu abakyala abaddugavu n’abazaale, aba , n’abalema ng’ebibinja ebisinga okubeera mu bulabe. Era ku luuyi olulala, entalo z’ebibinja ebisingako enkizo ziyinza okukolagana n’ebibinja bino, ne zitegeera ekifo kyazo, ne zizikuba mu birowoozo, era nga zikyalwanirira ensonga zaabwe.