Mu Uganda, embuto ezisukka ku bitundu atano ku buli kikumi tezitegekedwa ela nga akatundu akamu ku buli satu zigyibwamu. Okunonyeleza okwakolebwa mu mwaka gwa nkumi biri mu satu (2003) kutebereza nti kubuli bakyala lukumi (1000) mu Uganda,atano mu bano bagyamu embuto.
Wadde nga embuto ezitategekeddwa zibeera nyingi,okugyamu embuto mu ngeri eteri ya bulabe kikugirwa mu mateeka mu Uganda.Kino kizibuwalila abakyala okufuna engeri zo kugyamu embuto ezitali za bulabe ekivilaamu abangi okukozesa engeri ezo bulabe.(1)Ekitundu kino kigenda kwogera ku bintu ebyetolodde okugyamu embuto mu Uganda.
Okugyamu embuto mu Uganda
Ebyembi,Uganda ekugira okugyamu embuto mu mateeka ela nga tekikilizibwa okujako nga kikoledwa ku bukwakulizo obumu. Ekyo kulabirako,mukiwandiko ekikwatagana n’enkola y’eggwanga eya 2006,okugyamu olubuto kukilizibwa mumbela singa oba omuntu abela akabasanyizidwa, obuzibu obutali bwa bulijjo ku mwana mu lubuto,akawuka ka sirimu okuva ku maama oba okwegatta kwa’boluganda(1). Ekitali ekimu ku ebyo tewali alina eddembe lya kugyamu lubuto okugyako nga akkiriziddwa mu mateeka okusinziira ku ssemateeka wa Uganda owa lukumi lwenda kyenda mu tano(1995) ekitundu ekya abiri mu biri 22 akutundutundu ako kubiri(2). Okugatta kw’ekyo,eteeka lyebibonerezzo ligenda mu maaso okunnyonnyola nti omuntu yena awa ebikozesebwa okugyamu olubuto kabeere mu biragalalagala oba mu ngeri endala abela akola omusango omunene.(2)
Amateeka gano makakali ekiviliddeko abakyala bangi n’abawi bo bujjanjabi okwesikamu ku bikwatagana nokugyamu embuto.(2)Ebivamu mu mateeka bileta okutya mu bakyala nabawi bobuyambi ekiziyiza okufuna engeri zo kugyamu embuto ezitaleta bulabe.
Engeri zokugyamu embuto mu Uganda
Omu ku kubakyala kumi na mwenda(19) mu Uganda ateberezebwa okuba nga yagyamu olubuto. Wadde nga okugyamu embuto kilabika nga kya bulijjo,amateeka agakwatagana nokuzigyamu gaziyiza abantu okufuna engeri zokugyamu ezitaleta bulabe.
Olw’okutiisibwatiisibwa okwa’mateeka,abawi bo bujjanjabi,nabakenkufu mu kisawe ekuo balina kukikola mu ngeri ya kyama ate ku miwendo egya waggulu. Ekivilako abakyala bomu byalo oba abatalina sente obutafuna bulungi ngeri za kugyamu mbuto ezitaleta bulabe. Abantu nga abo batela okugezako okwegyamu embuto oba okugenda ewa abantu abatalina bumanyilivu bumala abatela okozesa engeri ezileta obulabe. Kino kyabulabe nyo ela nga minisitule y’ebyobulamu etegezza nti ensonga ezikwata ku kuggyamu embuto zikola ebitundu abiri mu mukaaga kubuli kikumi ku nfa ya bakyala ab’embuto mu Uganda (1).Ebyembi,ku bakyala abafuna ebizibu ebiva mu kuggyamu embuto,ebitundu atano(50) byoka kubuli kikumi bebasobola okufuna obunjjanjabi okuwonya ebizibu byabwe( 3).
Nga okulabilila okugyamu embuto okutali kwa bulabe kufunibwa mu Uganda,kikolebwa mu ngeri zino wamanga; Okukozesa ekyuuma ekinuuna (MVA), empeke zokugyamu embuto(Misoprostol/Mifepristone ne Misoprostol) oba Enkola eza kugulawo omumwa gwa nabana (D&C)(4).Buli emu ku nkola zino ewandiikiddwa mu bujjuvu wansi;
- MVA. Omuwi wobuyambi akozesa empiso eyenjawulo okusiiga okunsoseka. Oluvanyuma ekiwujjo nga kiriko oluseke olutini tini lutekebwa mu nabaana. Ekyuuma kisika omuka mu nabaana okusobola okugyayo ebintu ebibela mu nabaana.(5)
- Empeke zokuggyamu olubuto. Mariprist and MA-kare packeti ze mpeke ezilimu Mifepristone ne Misoprostol. Mifepristone egyamu olubuto nga eziyiza obusimu obwetagisa mu kukuma olubuto. Misoprostol eletela omubiri okufulumya ebintu byona ebibela mu nabaana.
- D&C: Wano omusawo agulawo omumwa gwa nabaana oluvanyuma nakozesa ekyuma ekilongoosa okugyamu ebintu mu nabaana (6)
Ssente ezisasanyizibwa mu kugyamu embuto mu Uganda
Olw’ekyama ekikwatagana nokugyamu embuto mu Uganda,abasawo abagyamu embuto babusele. Okusinzira ku biwandiiko by’omwaka nkumi bbiri mu satu (2003) omuwendo gwali gusubirwa okuba wakati wa dollar za Amerika abiri mu tano ne kinana mu munana bwekiba kikoledwa musawo,dollar kumi na nya paka ku asatu mu emu bwekiba kikoledwa muzalisa oba nnansi ne dollar kkumi na biri paka ku asatu mu nnya bwekiba kikoledwa omusawo w’ekinnansi. Okugyamu olubuto okwekuusa ku muntu dollar za Amerika nya okutuka ku kumi na nya zeziteberezebwa.
Kikulu okumanya nti waliwo ssente ez’kwongerako ku bikwatagana nokulabirira abagyemu embuto naddala ebyo ebiba bibadewo oluvanyuma lw’obutamaliririza mitendero. Ebizibu ebirala ebyamanyi bisobola okuberawo singa ekikorwa kino kikoledwa mu ngeri eleta obulabe okugeza nga obulwadde bwa yinfekisoni, okukutuka, okwonooneka kwa nnabaana awamu no kunkakana.Kino kitegeeza omugugu ogw’ensimbi nebyobulamu ogwongezeddwa ku muntu ssekinnoomu.
Okulabirira oluvanyuma lwo okugyamu olubuto nakyo kireeta omugugu munene ku Uganda nga buli mwaka eteberezebwa okusasanya dollar za Amerika million kumi na nnya.(1)
Obulwalilo obuliwo
Obulwalilo obumanyikidwa nga busobola okuyamba ku nkola zokuteekateeka amaka,obulamu bwokuzaala n’empeereza yokulabilila abagyamu embuto butono.Elimu ku byokulabirako ye Marie Stopes UG. Marie Stopes UG eyamba ku nkola zenteka teka zezadde,okukebelwa no’kujjanjaba yinfekisoni ezisiigibwa mu by’okwegatta,okuzaala n’okulabirira oluvanyuma lwokugyamu olubuto.
Bwoba ononya obuweereza oba okulabirira oluvanyuma lwokugyamu olubuto mu Uganda,tukirira safe2choose okufuna obuyambi.
Ebikulu ebyokulowozako
Amateeka amakakali agakwata ku kugyamu embuto mu Uganda nga kwotadde n’obwetaavu obwamanyi obwo kulabirira abagyemu embuto mu bakyala abana Uganda byongede ku muwendo gwa abagyamu embuto mu bulabe obw’amanyi.
N’olwekyo okufuna okulabirirwa okutaleta bulabe oluvanyuma lw’okugyamu olubuto kulina okutusizibwa ku bakyala bona okusobola okukukendeeza ku buzibu nokufa okuva mu engeri zo kugyamu embuto ezileta obulabe.
Bwoba oli mu Uganda nga ononya okulabililwa oluvanyuma lwokugyamu olubuto,tukirira abantu baffe ababulilira ku safe2choose okusobola okuyungibwa ku byona byewetaaga.
- “Abortion in Uganda.” Guttmacher Institute, 2013, www.guttmacher.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/pubs/FB-Abortion-in-Uganda.pdf. Accessed November 2023.
- “Uganda’s Abortion Provisions.” Center for Reproductive Rights, reproductiverights.org/maps/provision/ugandas-abortion-provisions/. Accessed November 2023.
- Mulumba, M., et al. “Access to safe abortion in Uganda: Leveraging opportunities through the harm reduction model.” National Library of Medicine, 2017, hpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28455836/. Accessed November 2023.
- Kagaha, A. & Manderson, L. “Medical technologies and abortion care in Eastern Uganda.” ScienceDirect, 2020,
www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953620300320. Accessed November 2023. - “Vacuum Aspiration for Miscarriage: Care Instructions.” MyHealth Alberta, myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=abs1230#:~:text=With%20manual%20vacuum%2C%20the%20doctor,suction%20to%20remove%20the%20tissue. Accessed November 2023.
- “Dilation and curettage (D&C) .” Mayo Clinic, www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/dilation-and-curettage/about/pac-20384910. Accessed November 2023.