Abortion is fully legal without reason up to 12 weeks. Between 13 and 20 weeks, it is permitted under specific conditions. After 20 weeks, only very limited medical circumstances allow termination.
The Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act provides clear gestational limits and criteria for abortion. Following legalization, South Africa has seen a significant decline in abortion-related maternal mortality, demonstrating the public health impact of accessible services [2]. However, many women face barriers including limited clinic availability, provider refusal due to conscientious objection, and stigma. Studies estimate that while the majority of abortions occur safely within the formal healthcare system, unsafe abortions still persist in marginalized communities. Ongoing challenges include ensuring equitable access and provider training to fully realize the law’s intent [3].
